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Jobmatch Systems / Janatek 

Lu LA-USB 

16 Channel USB Logic Analyzer

Detailed Information

Detailed Information

The Lu-La-USB, 200 MHz PC Based Logic Analyzer, offers many advanced features, making it an excellent digital debugging tool.

Physical features

The Lu-La-USB is small and robust. Since it plugs to the PC USB Port and is very portable. It is equipped with small grabber probes that are ideal for use on a wide variety of integrated circuit surface mount packages such as small outline packages, PLCC and also DIP packages. The test clips connect to the Logic Analyzer via standard 2.54mm header connectors. For fixed test set-ups, users could therefore easily make up their own custom connectors.

Other types of test clips are also available (not included in the standard package) such as clips for DIP packages and specialized adapters for clipping onto specific IC types like surface mounted square flat packs, etc.

Internal clock

Data may be captured at 200 MHz on its16 channels simultaneously. There is no scaling down of the maximum sampling rate as more channels are implemented.

Internal sampling frequencies may be selected from 200MHz down to 2.5 kHz. Many in-between frequencies are provided in small enough steps to ensure that a suitable frequency is always available.

External clock functions

Synchronous (state) capturing may be done by using an external clock, applied to channel 15. Capturing may be specified to occur on the rising or falling edge of the clock.

Two basic external clock modes are available:

a. The data buffer configured as a ring buffer: In this mode the capturing is done similarly to when an internal frequency is selected, except that the clock input is taken from channel 15.

b. The data buffer implemented as a linear buffer: In this mode data may be captured from the first clock received, into the buffer. Data capture will stop and the displayed when the buffer is full. Should there not be enough clock cycles to fill up the buffer, the user could at any time stop the process and have the limited number of captured samples displayed.

The first sample to be captured may be specified to be the very first clock received, or it may wait for a trigger condition to occur and then start capturing the data from the first clock that follows the trigger. A very useful trigger setting to use in this case is to set the trigger to occur when a specific pattern is valid on the clocking edge. (Pattern AND Edge setting). This would ensure that a transitional pattern (glitch) state, when the pattern lines change state, does not cause a trigger, but only the clocked pattern can cause the trigger.

Example of external clock capturing:

One could capture data on the rising edge of a micro-controller read signal, by using the read signal as the clock input. The Logic Analyzer will then capture the same data that the micro-controller reads. The text display should be used to analyze this data.

Data Buffer

The Lu-La-USB is equipped with a very large buffer of 1Meg samples per channel. The buffer is divided into a pre- and post trigger. The pre-trigger portion shows the data prior to the trigger and the post-trigger buffer, the data that followed the trigger condition. The trigger condition is indicated by the trigger cursor line. The size of the Pre-/post-trigger buffer setting is adjustable over the full range of the buffer, in 1000 samples per step.

The large buffer ensures that longer sampling periods can be achieved at any specific sampling frequency. This reduces the need to scale down to a lower sampling frequency, with the resulting reduction in sampling resolution. Therefore, the large buffer ensures more accurate time measurements of longer high frequency signals. The pre-trigger and post-trigger buffer sizes are fully adjustable across the total buffer spectrum

Trigger options

Setting trigger conditions.

Edge trigger: This may be performed on any one channel and may be set to occur on a rising, falling or either rising or falling edge (change of state).

Pattern trigger: The incoming digital signals are compared to a user specified trigger pattern (1,0 and "don't care" settings allowed).

The pattern duration may be specified to be shorter than (glitch capture), or longer than, a specific duration.

Pattern OR Edge: A trigger will occur on a pattern or edge trigger condition, whichever occurs first.

Pattern AND Edge: A trigger will occur when the edge condition occurs while the pattern condition is true.

Pattern THEN edge / Edge THEN pattern: The Lu-La-USB will initially wait for the first condition to occur. After the first condition was detected it will wait for the second condition to occur which will be the final trigger, resulting in the data capture completion and display.

Forced trigger: A trigger may be forced while the Logic Analyzer is waiting for a trigger condition to occur, by using the mouse or keyboard. If a "Condition1-THEN-condition2" is active and the Lu-La-USB is waiting for the first condition, forcing the trigger will force only the first condition. If the Lu-La-USB is waiting for the second condition, forcing the trigger again will force the second condition.

Trigger independence

The trigger circuitry of the PC Based Logic Analyzer is completely independent of the sampling clock. Therefore the Lu-La-USB can be triggered by conditions that occur for very short time durations compared to the selected sampling clock period. It is thus possible that the Logic Analyzer could trigger on a glitch condition that will not appear in the displayed data. The user could therefore have the peace of mind that the set trigger condition cannot slip through undetected, because the sampling clock might be set too slow to sample the trigger condition while it is actually occurring.

Capture modes

‘Single capture’: The Logic Analyzer will wait for the trigger condition to occur, after which the data will be displayed. In other words, just one single capture is performed.

‘Unconditionally continuous’ capture: Data is captured at regular intervals and the screen updated regardless of what the input signals look like.

‘Conditionally continuously’. In this case the screen is updated only after a set trigger condition is detected. This mode is extremely useful for viewing continuously changing data of a set format, e.g. data on a serial line, data on a processor bus, radar data, etc. By setting a trigger condition screen updates will be synchronized with incoming triggers. The screen will now be updated only on a trigger being detected. The data will therefore be continuously updated with the required data display placed correctly on screen.

‘Conditionally continuous’ capture is also handy to sometimes take the place of ‘single captures’. Instead of doing a single capture and viewing the data, initiating another single capture, etc, the Logic Analyzer may be set to ‘conditionally continuous’ data capture. The user may now concentrate on causing a trigger; the display will update after each trigger and be ready to display new data after the next trigger.

Extended Capture Time (ECT)

The Extended Capture Time (ECT) is used to set a time period that will be timed out after the post trigger buffer has been filled.

During this time the Logic Analyzer will keep capturing data. Capture will stop and the data displayed when the ECT has been timed out.

The process of capturing the post trigger buffer and then the ECT is completely smooth and uninterrupted.

If a ‘short’ ECT is set, the effect will be the same as if the post trigger buffer size has been increased and the pre trigger buffer decreased. If the ECT is long enough the trigger point will eventually not be displayed data any more.

The effect of the ECT is therefore to move the window of captured data forward in time (by the set ECT time period). You can capture data "long" after the trigger has occurred, without reducing the sampling rate.

For a "long" ECT, when the actual trigger position may not be in the data buffer, the time difference between the trigger moment and cursor readings inside the data buffer may still be taken!

Example-1:

Problem: Say for instance that you know that a certain event in your data should happen 10 ms after say a strobe-S has gone low. Now let us further assume that it is difficult to trigger on the desired event, because there is a lot of unpredictable data in-between. You would also like to sample at 200MHz, because if you lower the sampling rate to get the desired data into the data buffer you would not be able to see the desired data properly, because of reduction in sampling resolution.

Solution: Set an ECT of 10 ms and capture. The desired data should now be in the data buffer. Scan through the data visually or use the "view/search" dialog box to find the desired data.

Example-2:

Problem: Assume you have a very long serial string of configuration data, for configuring a FPGA. For some reason the FPGA is not configuring correctly and you would like to inspect the whole string of data. The string of data is much too long to fit into the Logic Analyzer buffer when you are capturing at the sampling rate that you prefer for the inspection.

Solution: Set the post trigger buffer to maximum. Set a trigger condition to cause a trigger at the start of the data string. Do a capture (ECT=0) to capture the first portion of the string. To capture the next portion of the string, set the ECT to the time it took to fill the post trigger buffer. This time = (Post trigger buffer size) x (Sampling period).Ensure that you get the last of the previous data string portion so that you could add this portion to the previous. In the same way you would add to the ECT to get the third portion to the data string, and so on.

Threshold selection

The threshold voltage level determines whether the sampled voltage level on a channel should be displayed as a "1" or a "0". The variable threshold covers all of the popular positive technology types, from 5V CMOS down to 1.8V CMOS, TTL, etc.

Digital logger

The Digital Logger is typically used to measure slow changing signals like changes in room temperature and humidity.

The Lu-La-USB could be used as a Digital Data Logger. Log rates can be set from 1 second to 1 hour (in one-second steps).

LED indicators

The "power" and "trigger" LED indicators.

Software features

The software runs under Windows 98/ME/2000/XP.

A wide spectrum of data display features are available. We will not try to mention them all, but rather just highlight some of the more important ones. We strongly recommend that you download the demonstration software and try it out.

Data capture, display, saving and printing

The data display is very flexible. A few of the most significant display features are mentioned:

A set-up status bar on the main window indicates the current set-up and gives comments regarding the current status of the Logic Analyzer.

Multiple channel selection is available for quick setting of channel names, colors, show/hide, etc.

Any number of channels may be displayed, each with its user specified name.

The channel order may be changed to any display order.

Beep on trigger is available.

Data combinations may be searched for and jumped to.

A trigger line indicates the trigger position.

Apart from the trigger line, three cursor lines (X, Y and Z cursors) are available for time measurements.

Data may also be viewed, saved and printed in timing (graphical) and state (hex and binary) formats.

The program default configuration may be changed and saved.

Date and time stamps are taken for every capture and may be saved with the data.

Extra information regarding a data capture, such as a heading, project name, comments, etc, may be saved or printed with the data.

When a data file is saved and re-opened, the basic program is set to be the same as when the data was saved. One simply continues from where you left off.

Zooming, scrolling and searching

It is easy to pinpoint data instances in the data.

The whole data buffer may be viewed at one time, or the user may zoom in until only a few samples are displayed.

You may zooming between placed cursor lines. Place one cursor to the left and one to the right of the data you want to view and click to zoom between the cursors – very handy.

You may zooming to the previous displayed screen.

Data patterns may be searched for.

Trigger/cursor positions may be jumped to, in the graphical and text displays.

A special data scrollbar is located at the bottom of the screen. It is used for scrolling and zooming, by dragging or clicking, the displayed data section larger, smaller or to a new position.

Snap/Pattern indications

Since a much larger number of data may be displayed on the data display area than the number of screen pixels that are available, one pixel may represent a number of actual data samples. When taking time measurements, the cursor lines are snapped to the exact sample representing the signal edges before a measurement is taken. This ensures that measurements are accurate.

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